Cambodia (1976-1989 Kampuchea) • កម្ពុជា [Kâmpŭchéa] • Cambodge
Vietnamese: Cam-pu-chia • Chinese: 柬埔寨 [Jiǎnbùzhài / Chien pu chai]

c.1340: Kingdom of Cambodia
1720-1834: vassal of Siam
1834-1845: vassal of Vietnam
1846-1863: under joint suzerainty of Siam and Vietnam
11.08.1863: French protectorate (alternate name: Protectorate of Cambodia • កម្ពុជាសម័យអាណានិគម [Kâmpŭchéa Sâmêy Ananĭkôm] • Protectorat du Cambodge)
17.10.1887: part of the French Indochina
23.03.1907: three provinces ceded by Siam to Cambodia (annexed by Thailand 11.03.1941-01.1947)
09.03-15.08.1945: occupied by Japan
12.03.1945: independent (Kingdom of Kampuchea)
08.10.1945: occupied by Allies; protectorare restored 15.10.1945
07.01.1946: autonomous part of French Union
21.05.1949: associated state of French Union (left 25.09.1955)
07.02.1950: recognized as independent by USA and UK
09.11.1953: independence proclaimed: Kingdom of Cambodia • ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រ​កម្ពុជា [Preăh Réachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchéa] • Royaume du Cambodge
20.12.1954: recognized by France
14.12.1955: member of United Nations (de facto suspended 1976-07.12.1998)
08.06.1967: recognized by North Vietnam
09.10.1970-17.04.1975: Khmer Republic • សាធារណរដ្ឋខ្មែរ [Sathéarnak Rôdth Khmêr] • République Khmère
05.05.1970: Royal National Union Government of Kampuchea (anti-Khmer Republic) established in Beijing
05.01.1976: Democratic Kampuchea • កម្ពុជាប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ [Kâmpŭchéa Brôchéa Thĭbâtéyyô]
07.01.1979-26.09.1989: occupied by Vietnam
11.01.1979: People's Republic of Kampuchea • សាធារណរដ្ឋប្រជាមានិតកម្ពុជា [Sathéarnak Rôdth Brôchéa Méanĭt Kâmpŭchéa] • République populaire du Kampuchea (not recognized by UN)
30.04.1989: State of Cambodia • រដ្ឋកម្ពុជា [Rôdth Kâmpŭchéa] • État du Cambodge (recognized by UN 20.11.1991)
03.02.1990: exile government of Democratic Kampuchea renamed: National Government of Cambodia (dissolved 02.07.1993)
15.03.1992-30.06.1993: under United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia - UNTAC (Autorité provisoire des Nations unies au Cambodge - APRONUC) administration
24.09.1993: Kingdom of Cambodia (restored)

Area: 181,035 km²
Population: 13,388,910 (2008)
Capital: since 1865/66 Phnôm Pénh (ភ្នំពេញ)
Currency: រៀល [riĕl, ៛] = 100 សេន [sén]
GDP per capita: $ 2,100 (2008 est.)
Ethnic groups: Khmer 90-92%, Vietnamese 4%, Cham 3-4%, Chinese 1-2%, other 1-2%
Official language: Khmer; French also used

Merchant marine: 626 ships (2008; flag of convenience)
Coastline: 443 km
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Waterways: ~2,400 km
Military service age and obligation: 18-month obligation (since 2006)
Military expenditures: 3% of GDP (2005 est.)

King: Preăh Karuna Preăh Bat Sâmtéch Preăh Bâromneath Norodom Sihamoni (14.10.2004)
Prime Minister: Sâmtéch Hŭn Sên (14.01.1985)
Defence Minister: Général Tea Banh (1987)
Commander-in-Chief: Général Pŏl Sarœun (20.01.2009)
1890s-1910s | Since 1954
Police
Major wars & other armed conflicts

1958-1962: repeating incursions of South Vietnamese forces
09.1961: clashes with Viet Cong units
03.1970-1973: regular war against Viet Cong
07.1970-04.1975: 'first' civil war against Khmer Rouge
12-15.05.1975: "Mayagüez incident" (against USA special forces)
05-06.1975 and 01.1976: Khmer forces temporarily seize some South Vietnamese islands
12.08.1976: naval clash near Kaôh Rung I. with Thai warships protecting some fishing boats
01.1977, 07-08.1977 and 12.1977-01.1978: clashes at Thailand border
12.1977-01.1979: war with Vietnam
1979-1990 and 1992-1994: 'second' civil war against Khmer Rouge

Royal Khmer Navy • Marine Royale Khmère
• កងទពេជីងទឹកភូមិនកម្ពុជា [Kângtêpé Ching Tŏek Phumĭnôc Kâmpŭchéa]
» List of vessels «

01.03 or 20.04.1954-10.1970: Royal Khmer Navy • Marine Royale Khmère
10.1970-1975: National Khmer Navy • Marine Nationale Khmère
04-05.1975: some MNK warships flee to Philippines or Thailand
1975-1979: unknown official name
1979-10.1989: People's Revolutionary Navy of Kampuchea • Marine Populaire Révolutionnaire du Kampuchea
10.1989-1992: Cambodian People's Navy • Marine Populaire du Cambodge
04.1992-11.1993: under United Nations command
09.1993-: Royal Khmer Navy • Marine Royale Khmère

www.mond.gov.kh

Commander: Vice-amiral Tea Vinh (20.01.2009)
Chief of Staff: Contre-amiral Sao Sarin
Personnel: 1200 and 150 marines (1960;1965), 1350 and 150 marines (1968;1972), 3400 and 2000 marines (1973), 7000 and 4000 marines (1974), 11000 and 5500 marines (1975), 1000 (1989), 900 (1991), 950 (1992) and 376 UNTAC, 781+2019 incl. marines (1994), 800+2100 (1996, incl. marines), 780+2020 (1998), 2500 and 2800 marines (1999), 780+2100 (2005)
Bases:
• oceanic: Phsar Réam / Kâmpông Saôm (Krŏng Preăh Seihânŭ = Sihanoukville)
• rivers Mekong (Mékôngk) and Bassac (Basak): Chruôy Chângwar / Phnôm Pénh
• Tônlé Sap lake: Phumĭ Phsar / Kâmpông Chhnãng
Organization: Ocean Division (9 battalions) and River Division (7 battalions)

Ensigns

1860s-1948:

20.10.1948-09.10.1970:

09.10.1970-17.04.1975:

1975/76-1979:

1979-05.1989:

05.1989-06.1992:

06.1992-06.1993:

Since 06.1993:
 Ranks insignia
(1954-1970/75 and since 1980/82;
1975-1979 no insignia)



Map


Commanders of Navy:
bf.1960-af.1964Capitaine de vaisseau Pierre Coedés
bf.1971-17.04.1975Contre-amiral Vong Sarendy
1975-? (?)Khe Muth
bf.1998-1999/2000Vice-amiral Kheing Savan
1999/2000-01.2009Vice-amiral Ung Sâmkhan
01.2009-Vice-amiral Tea Vinh
០១២៣៤៥៦៧៨៩
0123456789

Supreme Kings:
1749-1755 Chettha (Jayajatha) V (1709-1755)
1755-1757 Angk Tong (1693-1757)
1758-1775 Outey (Udayaraja) III (1739-1777)
1775-08.1779 Angk Non II (1739-1779)
08.1779-01.1793 regent Sâmtéch Mu
28.05.1794-05.05.1796 Angk Eng = Narayana III (1773-1796)
1797-1806 regent Sâmtéch Pok
26.07.1806-1811 Angk Chan II = Udayaraja IV (1791-1835)
1811-1812 regent Angk Em (1794-1844)
1812-13.05.1813 regent Angk Snguon (1794-1822)
13.05.1813-07.01.1835 Angk Chan II
09.01.1835-08.1840 Angk Mey (queen, 1815-1875)
1841-1844 Angk Duŏng II (1796-1860)
1844-1845 Angk Mey
1845-1848 interregnum
07.03.1848-19.10.1860 Preăh Bat Angk Duŏng II
19.10.1860-24.04.1904 Preăh Bat Nôroŭtdôm I (Norodom) (1834-1904) (crowned 03.06.1864)
24.04.1904-09.08.1927 Preăh Bat Sisŏwôtth I (Sisowath) = Srisuvatta (1840-1927)
09.08.1927-24.04.1941 Preăh Bat Sisŏwôtth II Mŏnivôngs (1875-1941)
24.04.1941-06.05.1947 Preăh Bat Nôroŭtdôm II Seihânŭ (Norodom Sihanouk) (1922-)

First ministers [Akhamohasena]:
1888-... Um (1821-?)
...-1912 ...
1912-1918 Sâmtéch Norodom Sotthavongs (1875-1918)
1918 Sâmtéch Norodom Phanouvongs (1871-1934)
1918-1945 ...

Representatives:
20.02.1868-10.03.1870 Jean Moura (1827-1885)
10.03.1870-11.11.1870 acting: Armand Pottier
11.11.1870-01.01.1871 acting: Jules-Marcel Brossard de Corbigny (1841-1934)
01.01.1871-06.01.1879 Jean Moura
06.01.1879-10.05.1881 acting: Étienne-François Aymonier (1844-1929)
10.05.1881-12.08.1885 acting: Augustin-Julien Fourès (1853-?)
Residents-general (Résident-général):
12.08.1885-16.10.1885 acting: Jules-Victor Renaud
16.10.1885-17.05.1886 Pierre de Badens (1847-1897)
17.05.1886-04.11.1887 Jules-Georges Piquet (1839-1923)
04.11.1887-10.03.1889 acting: Louis-Eugène Palasne de Champeaux (1840-1889)
10.03.1889-16.05.1889 acting: Orsini
Residents-superior (Résident supérieur):
16.05.1889-24.01.1894 Louis-Albert Huyn de Vernéville (1845-1909)
24.01.1894-04.08.1894 acting: Félix-Léonce Marquant
04.08.1894-14.05.1897 Louis Albert Huyn de Vernéville
14.05.1897-16.01.1900 Alexandre-Antoine-Étienne-Gustave Ducos (1851-1907)
16.01.1900-03.06.1901 acting: Louis-Paul Luce
03.06.1901-17.07.1902 Léon-Jules Pol Boulloche (1855-?)
17.07.1902-26.10.1902 acting: Charles Pallier
26.10.1902-25.09.1904 Henri-Félix de Lamothe (1843-1926)
25.09.1904-16.10.1905 Jules-Louis Morel (1853-?)
16.10.1905-29.12.1905 acting: Olivier-Charles-Arthur de Lalande de Calan
29.12.1905-26.07.1911 Louis-Paul Luce
26.07.1911-26.03.1914 Antoine-Georges-Amédée Ernest Outrey (1863-1941) (acting until 08.10.1911)
26.03.1914-25.07.1914 acting: Xavier Tessarech
25.07.1914-22.10.1914 acting: Maurice Le Gallen
22.10.1914-20.01.1927 François-Marius Baudouin
20.01.1927-01.01.1929 Aristide-Eugène Le Fol
01.01.1929-12.01.1929 acting: Achille-Louis-Auguste Silvestre
12.01.1929-04.03.1932 Fernand-Marie-Joseph-Antoine Lavit
04.03.1932-15.01.1935 Achille-Louis-Auguste Silvestre (acting until 07.12.1932)
15.01.1935-12.12.1936 acting: Henri-Louis-Marie Richomme
12.12.1936-29.12.1941 Léon-Emmanuel Thibaudeau (1883-1946) (acting until 16.06.1937)
29.12.1941-02.03.1943 acting: Jean de Lens
02.03.1943-11.1944 Georges-Armand-Léon Gauthier
11.1944-09.03.1945 acting: André-Joseph Berjoan

Kings (Roi du Cambodge):
06.05.1947-03.03.1955 Preăh Bat Nôroŭtdôm II Seihânŭ
03.03.1955-03.04.1960 Preăh Bat Nôroŭtdôm III Sŏréamôrĭt (Norodom Suramarit) (1896-1960)
Chairman of Regency Council:
06.04.1960-13.06.1960 Général-major Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Mŏnireth (1909-1975)
Heads of state:
20.06.1960-18.03.1970 Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
18.03.1970-10.03.1972 Cheng Heng (1916-1996)
10.03.1972-14.03.1972 Maréchal Lon Nol (1913-1985)
Queen - "Ceremonial Head of State, Symbol, Incarnation and Representative of the Crown":
10.07.1960-18.03.1970 Sisŏwath Kossomak Nearireath (1904-1975)
President (Président de la république):
14.03.1972-01.04.1975 Maréchal Lon Nol
Presidents of Senate (acting heads of state):
01.04.1975-12.04.1975 Lieutenant-général Saukam Khoy (1915-2008)
12.04.1975-17.04.1975 acting: Tep Hun
Chairman of Supreme Committee:
13.04.1975-17.04.1975 Général-major Sak Suthsakan (1928-1994)

Prime ministers (លោកនាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រី​ = Loŭknayôkrôdth môntri • Président du Conseil des ministres):
18.03.1945-13.08.1945Preăh Bat Norodom II Sihanouk
14.08.1945-16.10.1945Sœng Ngŏk Thanh (1908-1977)
17.10.1945-15.12.1946Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Monireth
15.12.1946-17.07.1947Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Youtevong (1913-1947)
25.07.1947-20.02.1948Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Watchayavong (1891-1972)
20.02.1948-14.08.1948Chhean Wam (1916-2000)
14.08.1948-21.01.1949Sâmtéch Penn Nouth (1906-1985)
12.02.1949-20.09.1949Yem Sambaur (1913-1989)
20.09.1949-29.09.1949Ieu Koeus (1905-1950)
29.09.1949-28.04.1950Yem Sambaur
28.04.1950-30.05.1950Preăh Bat Norodom II Sihanouk
30.05.1950-03.03.1951Sâmtéch Krom Luong Sisŏwath Monipong (1912-1956)
03.03.1951-12.10.1951Oum Chheang Sun (1900-?)
13.10.1951-16.06.1952Huy Kanthoul (1909-1991)
16.06.1952-24.01.1953Preăh Bat Norodom II Sihanouk
24.01.1953-22.11.1953Sâmtéch Penn Nouth
23.11.1953-07.04.1954Chan Nak (1892-1954)
07.04.1954-18.04.1954Preăh Bat Norodom II Sihanouk
18.04.1954-26.01.1955Sâmtéch Penn Nouth
26.01.1955-03.10.1955Leng Ngeth (1900-?)
03.10.1955-05.01.1956Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
05.01.1956-29.02.1956Oum Chheang Sun
01.03.1956-24.03.1956Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
03.04.1956-29.07.1956Khim Tit (1896-?)
15.09.1956-15.10.1956Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
25.10.1956-09.04.1957Sam Yun (1905-1974)
09.04.1957-07.07.1957Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
26.07.1957-11.01.1958Sim War (1906-1989)
11.01.1958-17.01.1958Ek Yi Oun (1910-?)
17.01.1958-29.04.1958Sâmtéch Penn Nouth
29.04.1958-10.07.1958Sim War
10.07.1958-19.04.1960Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
19.04.1960-28.01.1961Pho Proeung (1903-?)
28.01.1961-17.11.1961Sâmtéch Penn Nouth
17.11.1961-13.02.1962Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
13.02.1962-06.08.1962Lieutenant-général Nhiek Tioulong (1908-1996)
06.08.1962-06.10.1962Cocsal Chau Sen Chhum (1905-2009)
06.10.1962-25.10.1966Sâmtéch Norodom Kantol (1920-1976)
25.10.1966-01.05.1967Lieutenant-général Lon Nol
01.05.1967-31.01.1968Son Sann (1911-2001)
31.01.1968-14.08.1969Sâmtéch Penn Nouth
14.08.1969-11.03.1972Maréchal (1971) Lon Nol
11.03.1972-18.03.1972Lieutenant-général Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Sirik Matak (1914-1975)
18.03.1972-15.10.1972Sœng Ngŏk Thanh
15.10.1972-06.05.1973Hang Thun Hak (1926-1975)
06.05.1973-09.12.1973In Tam (1916-2006)
26.12.1973-17.04.1975Long Boret (1932-1975)

Ministers of National Defence (Ministre de la défense nationale):
1941-03.1945 Sâmtéch Norodom Monthon (1902-af.1967)
03.1945-1945 ...
1945-15.12.1946 Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Monireth
24.01.1953-07.1953 Colonel Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Sirik Matak
07.1953-1955 ...
1955-04.10.1955 Colonel Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Sirik Matak
04.10.1955-05.01.1956 Colonel Lon Nol
05.01.1956-1957 ...
1957-22.01.1958 Colonel Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Sirik Matak
22.01.1958-29.04.1958 Général-major Lon Nol
29.04.1958-18.02.1959 ...
18.02.1959-26.10.1966 Lieutenant-général Lon Nol
26.10.1966-31.01.1968 Lieutenant-général Nhiek Tioulong
31.01.1968-03.04.1968 Duong Samol
03.04.1968-10.02.1971 Lieutenant-général Lon Nol
10.02.1971-1972 Lieutenant-général Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Sirik Matak (1914-1975)
1972-17.04.1975 ...

Commanders-in-chief (Commandant en chef):
18.06.1960-13.06.1973Maréchal (1971) Lon Nol
13.06.1973-11.03.1975Lieutenant-général Sosthène Fernandez
12.03.1975-17.04.1975Général-major Sak Suthsakan

Commissioners (Commissaire de la République française):
07.01.1946-10.04.1946 Huard
10.04.1946-20.05.1947 Romain-Victor Pénavaire
20.05.1947-20.10.1948 Léon-Marie-Adolphe-Pascal Pignon (1908-1976)
20.10.1948-26.02.1949 acting: Lucien Vincent Loubet
26.02.1949-29.10.1951 Jean-Léon-François-Marie de Raymond (1907-1951)
29.10.1951-16.05.1952 Yves Digo (1897-1974)
16.05.1952-09.11.1953 Jean Risterucci (1911-1982)


Head of state (in exile till 09.09.1975):
05.05.1970-02.04.1976Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
Chairman of the State Presidium (in exile since 07.01.1979):
07.04.1976-22.06.1982Khiĕu Samphân (1931-)
Presidents of Coalition Government (in exile):
22.06.1982-23.04.1985 Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
23.04.1985-1985/87 acting: Khiĕu Samphân
1985/87-30.01.1988 Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
01.02.1988-28.02.1988 Sômdech Norodom Ranariddh (Rônaritthĭ) (1944-)
29.02.1988-12.02.1989 Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
President (Président du Cambodge):
03.02.1990-17.07.1991 Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk

Prime ministers (in exile till 17.04.1975 and since 07.01.1979):
05.05.1970-04.04.1976Penn Nouth
04.04.1976-13.05.1976Khiĕu Samphân
13.05.1976-27.07.1976Pŏl Pôt (Salŏth Sâr) (1925-1998)
27.07.1976-10.1976Nuŏn Chéa (Lau Ben Kon) (1926-)
10.1976-15.12.1979Pŏl Pôt
17.12.1979-22.06.1982Khiĕu Samphân
22.06.1982-02.07.1993Son Sann

Minister of Defence:
05.1975-01.1979 Son Sen (1930-1997)

Secretary-general of the Communist Party of Kampuchea:
09.1966-1981 Pŏl Pôt


President of the People's Revolutionary Council:
08.01.1979-27.06.1981Héng Sâmrin (1934-)
Chairmen of the Council of State:
27.06.1981-06.04.1992Héng Sâmrin
06.04.1992-14.06.1993Chéa Sim (1932-)
Head of state:
20.11.1991-24.09.1993Preăh Bat Norodom Sihanouk
Kings (ព្រះមហាក្សត្រ​ = Preăh môhaksâatr • Roi du Cambodge):
24.09.1993-06.10.2004Nôroŭtdôm II Seihânŭ
14.10.2004- Nôroŭtdôm IV Seihâmŏnĭ (Norodom Sihamoni) (1953-)

Chairmen of the Council of Ministers:
27.06.1981-05.12.1981Pen Sovann (1936-)
05.12.1981-26.12.1984Chan Si (1932-1984) (acting to 09.02.1982)
14.01.1985-02.07.1993Hŭn Sên (1952-)
Prime ministers (coequal till 30.11.1998):
02.07.1993- Sâmtéch (2007) Hŭn Sên
02.07.1993-06.07.1997Sâmtéch Norodom Ranariddh
16.07.1997-30.11.1998Ung Huot (1945-)

Ministers of National Defence (Ministre de la défense nationale):
1979-06.1981 Pen Sovann
06.1981-05.02.1982 Chan Si
05.02.1982-03.12.1986 Général-major Bou Thang
03.12.1986-1987 Koy Buntha
1987- Général Tea Banh (1945-)
02.12.1998-2003 Général Sâmtéch Sisŏwath Sirirath (1946-)

Secretaries-general of the People's Revolutionary Party of Cambodia:
29.05.1981-04.12.1981Pen Sovann
05.12.1981-12.1991Héng Sâmrin

Head of the UNTAC:
15.03.1992-26.09.1993Yasushi Akashi (1931-)
Head of the UNTAC military component:
03.1992-09.1993Lieutenant General John Murray Sanderson (1940-)

Home Page